Tips for Choosing and Storing Hay
Forage as hay or pasture grass makes up the bulk of the equine diet. In general, a 1200 lb horse eats an average of 18-21 lbs. of hay per day, typically 1.5-2% of their body weight daily. Choosing a quality grass or legume hay is so important.
Grass hay varieties include Timothy, Bermuda, Rye and Orchard. Grass hays are lower in protein (usually 8-10% vs 16-20% in legume) but will be higher in fiber. Common legume hays include Alfalfa and Clover and are higher in calories, protein and calcium. Generally speaking, legume hay may be best for working horses, not the easy keeper types.
When choosing hay notice the color and aroma. Hay should always be green and have a fresh, sweet smell. The greener the color, the more nutritious it will be and your horse will find it tasty. The leaves are the most nutrient dense portion of the plant. Good quality hay will contain more leafy parts than stems. If hay is cut late season, the plant is mature and it will result in more and tougher stems and less protein and fiber, making it harder for the horse to digest.
The nutrition content of hay can vary considerably from year to year depending on weather and crop management. If good quality hay is harder to find in a season given the growing conditions, you may have to supplement with purchased hay pellets or cubes like those varieties Standlee manufactures. They can be found in most farm and feed stores.
As the saying goes, you have to make hay while the sun shines! It also has to get baled and stored lickety split! It can’t be overstated how important quality, weed-free hay is for horses. Once hay gets rained on, harmful mold can grow. Storing hay inside or well covered and protected from the elements is so important for hay quality and the well being of your horse. Mold and dust can cause serious health issues in horses. When storing hay, avoid stacking bales too tightly. It’s important that there is air circulating to discourage the formation of mold . Placing bales on their sides and alternating orientation of stacked layers will aid in air flow.
So much to consider about hay for our four legged friends! Choose wisely and store well!